quinta-feira, 31 de maio de 2012

henry charriére: pappilon

Advocacy• Blog• SHOP•About Us• School & Library Products Login | Subscribe Contributors History PrintEmail Share A+ A- Henri Charrière i Help us expand this topic. Submit Contribution Henri Charrière, byname Papillon (born 1906, Ardèche, France—died July 29, 1973, Madrid, Spain), French criminal and prisoner in French Guiana who described a lively career of imprisonments, adventures, and escapes in an autobiography, Papillon (1969). Charrière’s nickname derived from the design of a butterfly (French: “papillon”) tattooed on his chest. As a young man he was a safecracker, a thief, and, by some accounts, a pimp in Paris when he was arrested and convicted in 1931 of murdering a Montmartre gangster-pimp, Roland Legrand. Charrière always denied his guilt for the murder and attacked the inequities of French justice. Nevertheless, he was sentenced to life imprisonment and sent to Cayenne, the notorious penal colony in French Guiana. His first escape, three years later, was made in an open boat about 1,800 miles (2,900 km) to Maracaibo; he lived with some jungle Indians, moved on, and was caught and shipped to Devil’s Island. He tried eight more escapes, succeeded on the last, floating away on a coconut raft (1944), and settled in Venezuela, working at various jobs over the years, remarrying, and establishing a profitable restaurant in Caracas. At the age of 62 in 1968 he wrote Papillon, which was published the following year in France (and which, by the time of his death in 1973, had sold about 5,000,000 copies in 16 languages). It was made into a film in 1973. In 1970 the French minister of justice issued a decree of grace, removing legal restrictions on Charrière’s return to France. In 1972 he published an autobiographical sequel, Banco (Banco: The Further Adventures of Papillon). Charrière was accused of inventing many of the adventures in Papillon and appropriating to himself the adventures of others. Two debunking books in this vein were Georges Ménager’s Les Quatre Vérités de Papillon (1970; “The Four Truths of Papillon”) and Gérard de Villiers’ Papillon épinglé (1970; “Butterfly Pinned”). BibliographyTable Of Contents Help us expand the resources for this topic. Click below to submit new publication for review and accepted updates will be published to the site. Submit a publication Submit a publicationSearch for an ISBN number: ISBN:Or enter the publication information: Author Name: Publication Title: Date: Editor: I agree to the Terms and Conditions* *This field is required WebsitesTable Of Contents Help us expand the resources for this topic. Click below to submit new website for review and accepted updates will be published to the site. Submit a Website Submit a WebsiteName:* URL:* Description: I agree to the Terms and Conditions* *These fields are required Citations MLA ?The citation style recommended by the Modern Language Association is taken from the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. APA ?The citation style recommended by the American Psychological Association is taken from the APA's Publication Manual, 5th edition. Harvard ?Put something here... Chicago Manual of Style ?Put something here... Export "Henri Charriere". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 31 May. 2012 . Henri Charriere. (2012). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/107646/Henri-Charriere Henri Charriere. 2012. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 31 May, 2012, from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/107646/Henri-Charriere Encyclopædia Britannica Online, s. v. 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Table Of Contents Expand Top of article Bibliography Websites Citations Related Places Devils Island (island, Atlantic Ocean) Related Topics crime (law) murder (crime) theft (law) Our Sites Britannica Online for Kids Merriam-Webster Britannica SmartMath School & Library Products Online Games Britannica Store Advocacy for Animals Mobile iPhone App iPad App Britannica Kids Apps Stay Connected Contact Us Facebook Twitter YouTube Newsletters RSS Widgets International Australia Brazil China France India Japan Korea Latin America United Kingdom Content & Editorial Syndication International Publishing Webmaster Blog Archive Site Map Corporate About Us Privacy Policy Terms of Use ©2012 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Table Of Contents×Top of article Bibliography Websites Citations You are now in edit mode. You may directly modify any part of this article. Once you are finished, click on the Submit button to send your modifications to our editors for review. 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